The research, conducted by a team of public health economists, examined monthly suicide counts from US states between 2000 and 2022. Their aim was to better understand whether easier access to marijuana, specifically through licensed retail stores, might have any measurable effect on mental health outcomes. Their working paper, published by the National Bureau of Economic Research, shows that may be the case.

The study found that in states where recreational cannabis dispensaries began operating, suicide rates among adults ages 45 and older declined. The effect was strongest among men, who historically have had significantly higher suicide rates and are more likely to use cannabis to manage chronic pain, a health challenge that increases the risk of suicide.

They found no similar pattern among younger adults, or in states that had legalized but not yet opened retail stores. That, they say, suggests actual access may be more influential.

“Given that older adults are more prone to chronic pain and various physical and mental health issues, it is not surprising that this demographic is increasingly turning to marijuana for its medicinal properties,” the paper noted.

The researchers found no similar pattern among younger adults, or in states that legalized adult-use cannabis but had not yet opened retail stores. That distinction, they say, suggests that actual access to marijuana, rather than legalization via state law changes alone, may be the more influential factor.

The researchers did not find evidence that cannabis availability increased suicides, a concern raised by opponents of legalization who have claimed that it leads to rising rates of cannabis use and worsening mental health trends among young people.

The authors also addressed the risk factors for suicide and the therapeutic benefits of cannabis in addressing those underlying factors. “The focus on pain as an underlying cause of suicide is under recognized in the literature and adds an important dimension to the policy discussion,” they wrote.

The study arrives at a time when suicide rates in the US remain near historic highs, especially among middle-aged and older adults. Though the decline associated with dispensary openings was modest, the authors argue that even small improvements deserve attention.

“Although further research is needed, these results point to one potential benefit of legalized recreational marijuana.”

The paper, which was not peer-reviewed, was authored by Dr. Sara Markowitz of Emory University and Katie E. Leinenbach of Demand Side Analytics.

Photograph by Elsa Olofsson via Flickr/Creative Commons 2.0

This story was originally published by Marijuana Moment, which tracks the politics and policy of cannabis and drugs. Follow Marijuana Moment on X and Facebook, and sign up for its newsletter.

The post Legal Marijuana Access Linked to Fewer Suicides Among Older Adults appeared first on Filter.

The study, a full version of which was obtained by Marijuana Moment in a pre-proof form, found that “for some individuals who drink heavily, cannabis may serve as a substitute for alcohol,” adding that “craving reduction is a potential mechanism through which this could occur.”

The authors, affiliated with Colorado State University, the University of Colorado Boulder and the University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, say the project is the “first study to test effects of legal-market cannabis on alcohol intake.”

They found that, on average, participants drank about 25 percent fewer alcoholic beverages after using cannabis compared to when alcohol was consumed alone. Noting the importance of the finding, they wrote that marijuana “continues to rank as the most widely used substance among people who drink alcohol.”

For the clinical trial, scientists recruited 61 heavy drinkers who also use cannabis several times a week. Each participant completed two sessions in a mobile laboratory parked outside their homes—a workaround to federal restrictions on handling legal marijuana in campus labs. In one lab, they drank alcohol alone. In the other lab, they first used their own legal-market cannabis before drinking. In both sessions, participants received a standard “priming” drink and then had the opportunity to consume up to four more.

The researchers concluded that “cannabis self-administration was associated with a significant reduction in number of drinks” participants consumed.

When the researchers broke the group down further, they found that 23 participants, called “substituters,” drank significantly less after cannabis use and reported a consistent drop in alcohol craving. Another 23 “non-substituters” drank the same amount or more, showing little change in craving. Fifteen abstained from drinking altogether during both sessions.

“Findings from this novel human laboratory study provide initial support for the idea that legal-market cannabis can serve as substitute for alcohol among some individuals who engage in heavy drinking,” the researchers concluded, adding that “cannabis self-administration was associated with a significant reduction in number of drinks” participants consumed.

While the results are promising, the authors warn about limitations to the study’s parameters. They note that marijuana was always consumed before alcohol, meaning the reverse order was not tested. The mobile lab, while an innovative way to avoid threatening federal funds for the universities, may not mimic real-world drinking settings. They also note that the sample was not broadly representative, comprising mostly white and male subjects.

The authors call for “future work to explore additional individual and contextual factors that may predict whether cannabis can serve as a substitute for alcohol,” noting the importance of studying clinical implications for recovery approaches among those who are not abstinent. With problematic alcohol use remaining a leading cause of preventable death, researchers say this line of work could eventually inform harm reduction strategies.

In a study earlier in 2025, scientists found that “CBD represents a promising candidate to reduce voluntary alcohol consumption.”

This study preprint, submitted to the Drug and Alcohol Dependence journal and funded by the National Institutes on Health’s National Institute of Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, is part of a flurry of recent scientific studies on the effects of marijuana use as a way to curb or reduce drinking.

In a study earlier in 2025, scientists at the University of Sydney published a paper investigating the theory that non-intoxicating cannabidiol could mitigate problematic drinking issues. The research, published in the British Journal of Pharmacology with funding from the Australian National Health and Medical Research Council, found that “CBD represents a promising candidate to reduce voluntary alcohol consumption.”

According to a federally funded study published in the Nature journal earlier in 2025, CBD has potential to treat alcohol use disorder by reducing withdrawal symptoms and lowering the risk of resuming problematic use, while also providing neuroprotective effects. The results of that study “underscore CBD’s potential therapeutic utility for alcohol use disorder (AUD) and provide mechanistic insights into its actions,” they noted.

This also comes at a time when younger Americans are increasingly using cannabis-infused beverages as a substitute for alcohol—with one in three millennials and Gen Z workers choosing THC drinks over booze for after-work activities like happy hours, according to a new poll of 1,000 young professionals.

Photograph by waferboard via Flickr/Creative Commons 2.0

This story was originally published by Marijuana Moment, which tracks the politics and policy of cannabis and drugs. Follow Marijuana Moment on X and Facebook, and sign up for its newsletter.

The post Federally Funded Study Links Marijuana Use to Reduced Heavy Drinking appeared first on Filter.